By: Haziq
In this era of evolution, sports are closely related with the terms economy where we can see that sports invest a lot of money in expanding the industry around the world. Nowadays as technology is widely used, sports industry conquered most of the economy of the world especially in the famous major sports around the world such as soccer, tennis, golf, baseball and formula one.
For example in soccer, we can see the situation when soccer is played 30 years ago where the people does not yet realize the importance of technology and economy. The quality of stadium and the game ball are bad. Then the outfits or the jerseys are not suitable and not comfortable plus the player’s salaries are low. This causes the quality of the players, tactics and gameplay are not good enough. Moreover, less talented and well known players are born during that time. As the economy and technology expand and increase, all the deficiency in soccer is improve time by time. High amount of money are invested to build more high technology equipment. Besides that, high amount of money also are invested on players in order to build a strong team. Many talented players are produced and the quality of soccer increase from time to time.
Same thing also happens in golf where in the time when it is introduced the golf sticks are made of woods and the golf course are smaller. Golf is not well known that time and not many talented golfers are born but now golf is the one of the famous sports in the world where the golfers earn very high salary and the money offered in one competition very high. A golfer can win more than 10 million in one golf competition. This is because the golf sticks made from steel are very expensive and there is many type of golf stick used nowadays according to the situation. That is why the richest sportsman in the world is a golfer.
These are only two examples of sports but we can see clearly the relation between sport, technology and economy. As technology and economy increase, the quality of sports also increases. So money plays a big role to expand the industry of sports because money can buy technologies. As a clear example we can see the Dubai billionaire that can buy a football club with his own money that cost more than 100 million dollar not included with the money use to buy players to strengthen the team. So as a conclusion, economy affect in expanding the sports industries with the help of technologies.
Wednesday, August 18, 2010
Monday, August 16, 2010
How Does The Development of Technology Affect the World Economy
As people grew, the technology around them also grows to match with their needs and desire. We are now witnessing the age of where the world is driven by iPods, cell phones, internets, and all the technology that we have created. This change how people live, work, play, differently from day to day. But does all this contribute to our world economic growth?
The most significant change that all this have on us is how it change the way we communicate. By the creation of cell phones and internet, we can now communicate with everyone, anywhere, anytime we wanted to. This makes our life, social interaction, and keeping in touch with people much easier. But when we look at through a businessman perspective, we can see that this brought more potential in building a huge company. Deals can be made on calls, conference can be held even without the presence of the real person in the boardroom. Thus the business can grow faster compared to the day before we had all this.
People are now willing to pay more for better computers, laptops, gadgets, and other it products. Giant international companies such as Apple, Microsoft, Sony, and others are fiercely competing with the other company in various fields, in order to make sure that they give the best for their customers. This healthy competitions makes the industry grows and gave a lot of job opportunities and thus contributes to the world economy.
People also can be a businessman at the internet. A lot have tried and now successful in various way. Some may just directly sell things and the internet helps them to gain customers. Others might offer services, or sites that might give people something new on the internet. Names such as Mark Zuckerberg and Jack Dorsey are the example of people who found that internet is not just a place to find information, but to make money out of it.
The development of technology does change our world economy. It makes the business moves faster, and thus shifting the way of our life into the one that we never see before. The development of technology makes our life better and undoubtedly it gives benefits to the economy of the world.
By Mohd Afham
The most significant change that all this have on us is how it change the way we communicate. By the creation of cell phones and internet, we can now communicate with everyone, anywhere, anytime we wanted to. This makes our life, social interaction, and keeping in touch with people much easier. But when we look at through a businessman perspective, we can see that this brought more potential in building a huge company. Deals can be made on calls, conference can be held even without the presence of the real person in the boardroom. Thus the business can grow faster compared to the day before we had all this.
People are now willing to pay more for better computers, laptops, gadgets, and other it products. Giant international companies such as Apple, Microsoft, Sony, and others are fiercely competing with the other company in various fields, in order to make sure that they give the best for their customers. This healthy competitions makes the industry grows and gave a lot of job opportunities and thus contributes to the world economy.
People also can be a businessman at the internet. A lot have tried and now successful in various way. Some may just directly sell things and the internet helps them to gain customers. Others might offer services, or sites that might give people something new on the internet. Names such as Mark Zuckerberg and Jack Dorsey are the example of people who found that internet is not just a place to find information, but to make money out of it.
The development of technology does change our world economy. It makes the business moves faster, and thus shifting the way of our life into the one that we never see before. The development of technology makes our life better and undoubtedly it gives benefits to the economy of the world.
By Mohd Afham
Sunday, August 15, 2010
What Leads To Divorce And The Consequences
In today’s society, divorce is more the norm than ever before. Forty percent of all marriages end in divorce. Divorce defined is the action or an instance of legally dissolving a marriage. Divorce itself is both a cause and an effect. Some of the causes of divorce include the lack of money, sexual indiscretion and the ease of getting a divorce. Further, the effects of a divorce seem insuperable when comparing the grief it causes on both parties. Some experts say if your marriage is shaky, a downturn in the economy will make it more likely that you will divorce.
The first significant cause of recent rise of divorce is that women completely change in roles. In the past, men have to earn money to afford the family expenses, whereas woman only do housework, and it is too difficult for most women to separate from their husbands. The equality between men and women in roles are very clear at the moment, thus women can work outside to earn money. Accordingly, the divorce rates recently rise.
Another cause is stress in modern living. Many people, who live in globalisation, have considerable pressures to earn money. It can be obviously seen that the stress has occurred since they are children when studying. Studying in celebrated universities mostly causes having a good opportunity to find a job or earn a lot of money. Consequently the stress occurs in their family, which leads to divorce. Nevertheless, the rates of unemployment trend to continually increase as a result the divorce rates can also rise.
The final cause is lack of communication. Owing to financial status in each family, many people are fairly busy. For this reason, they have inadequate time to talk to the problems with their partners, which produces the likelihood of divorce. As a consequence little problems can be expanded to probably become huge problems, resulting in divorce.
Firstly, the effects of recent rise in divorce rates are negative effects. Most couples normally have children when they get marriage. Children are more probably lead to social problems. When people divorce and break up the marriage, all of these savings are lost which results in an adverse economic impact on the couple and mainly their children. They will not have good opportunities to find a job due to shortage of education.
Secondly, on the other hand, another effect of rise in divorce rates are positive effects. People, who divorce by permission from their partners, want to have better quality of life, since they are unhappy with their spouses. Accordingly, they can work efficiently, which results from fine mental condition. They do not only have more free time to do many things, but also free from their spouses’ murmurs.
Nevertheless, there are the two different ways in effects, which are negative and positive effects. Some couples, which have no children, divorce by consent, therefore divorce should be good solution for couples to deal with this problem. On the other hand, some couples having children in their family should think wisely before they end their marriage in divorce, otherwise innocent children will become the victims of this situation.
Written by: Mohd Hatim Bin Hamdi (101814)
The first significant cause of recent rise of divorce is that women completely change in roles. In the past, men have to earn money to afford the family expenses, whereas woman only do housework, and it is too difficult for most women to separate from their husbands. The equality between men and women in roles are very clear at the moment, thus women can work outside to earn money. Accordingly, the divorce rates recently rise.
Another cause is stress in modern living. Many people, who live in globalisation, have considerable pressures to earn money. It can be obviously seen that the stress has occurred since they are children when studying. Studying in celebrated universities mostly causes having a good opportunity to find a job or earn a lot of money. Consequently the stress occurs in their family, which leads to divorce. Nevertheless, the rates of unemployment trend to continually increase as a result the divorce rates can also rise.
The final cause is lack of communication. Owing to financial status in each family, many people are fairly busy. For this reason, they have inadequate time to talk to the problems with their partners, which produces the likelihood of divorce. As a consequence little problems can be expanded to probably become huge problems, resulting in divorce.
Firstly, the effects of recent rise in divorce rates are negative effects. Most couples normally have children when they get marriage. Children are more probably lead to social problems. When people divorce and break up the marriage, all of these savings are lost which results in an adverse economic impact on the couple and mainly their children. They will not have good opportunities to find a job due to shortage of education.
Secondly, on the other hand, another effect of rise in divorce rates are positive effects. People, who divorce by permission from their partners, want to have better quality of life, since they are unhappy with their spouses. Accordingly, they can work efficiently, which results from fine mental condition. They do not only have more free time to do many things, but also free from their spouses’ murmurs.
Nevertheless, there are the two different ways in effects, which are negative and positive effects. Some couples, which have no children, divorce by consent, therefore divorce should be good solution for couples to deal with this problem. On the other hand, some couples having children in their family should think wisely before they end their marriage in divorce, otherwise innocent children will become the victims of this situation.
Written by: Mohd Hatim Bin Hamdi (101814)
WHAT MAKES THE CURRENCY OF SINGAPORE IS HIGHER THAN MALAYSIAN CURRENCY
What makes the currency of Singapore is Higher than Malaysian currency
By Shauqi
In Malaysia, there are many places that attracts tourists from across the world and nearby countries. Among of all the countries, there are Singapore that is our neighbour country. The Singaporean always come to Malaysia to enjoy their vacation but they only used only few of their money for their vacation expense. Why? It is because they have a higher currency rate than Malaysia.
For those who don’t know, the Singaporean used U.S dollar as their national currency that is for about 2.5 ringgits for a dollar. The reason that they have used the currency is because the U.S government have supported from the beginning of their development. For that, they have become more advanced compared to Malaysia. It can be proven by their technologies including military technologies because they have obtained some of it from the U.S. On top of that, they also have many diplomatic relationships between mass countries, making their country to be known globally and makes their economical rate to rise.
Furthermore, their location is very strategic because it has been known from the past centuries for their port ship industries that makes it as a vacation spot for tourists from all over the world. Their citizens also are not many compared to Malaysia, making the living cost to be low for the government to support their citizens. They also provided lower taxes to the foreigners to come to their country.
Singapore has a balanced economy compared to Malaysia. It is because they didn’t have to take care of many province unlike Malaysia because their country is smaller than Malaysia. Besides, they also have many investors that is interested in their country, resulting to a lower rate of unemployed citizens and strengthen their economical rate.
For the conclusion, they have a lot of advantages compared to Malaysia. However, it does not mean that Malaysia cannot compete with Singapore because we also have our advantage. We have a lot of vacation spot to attract tourists and we also have many historical place that makes us to have the upper hand from the Singapore.
By Shauqi
In Malaysia, there are many places that attracts tourists from across the world and nearby countries. Among of all the countries, there are Singapore that is our neighbour country. The Singaporean always come to Malaysia to enjoy their vacation but they only used only few of their money for their vacation expense. Why? It is because they have a higher currency rate than Malaysia.
For those who don’t know, the Singaporean used U.S dollar as their national currency that is for about 2.5 ringgits for a dollar. The reason that they have used the currency is because the U.S government have supported from the beginning of their development. For that, they have become more advanced compared to Malaysia. It can be proven by their technologies including military technologies because they have obtained some of it from the U.S. On top of that, they also have many diplomatic relationships between mass countries, making their country to be known globally and makes their economical rate to rise.
Furthermore, their location is very strategic because it has been known from the past centuries for their port ship industries that makes it as a vacation spot for tourists from all over the world. Their citizens also are not many compared to Malaysia, making the living cost to be low for the government to support their citizens. They also provided lower taxes to the foreigners to come to their country.
Singapore has a balanced economy compared to Malaysia. It is because they didn’t have to take care of many province unlike Malaysia because their country is smaller than Malaysia. Besides, they also have many investors that is interested in their country, resulting to a lower rate of unemployed citizens and strengthen their economical rate.
For the conclusion, they have a lot of advantages compared to Malaysia. However, it does not mean that Malaysia cannot compete with Singapore because we also have our advantage. We have a lot of vacation spot to attract tourists and we also have many historical place that makes us to have the upper hand from the Singapore.
Thursday, July 29, 2010
Stairs vs Elevators
By Shauqi&Hatim
The stairs are one of the oldest buildings in architectural history, they have always played a central role in the history of humanity, although it is difficult to tell exactly in wich year they were born, it is believed his appearance was by the year 6000 before Christ. The stairs seems to change shape with the change of architectural eras, reflecting the trends used in different ages and revealing the talent of those who designed them.The first stairs in the history were wood trunks fitter together, these kind of stairs were used to acquire strategic positions for survival. Stairs nowadays only be used to climb to high places and to shorten the time to pass through floors of buildings. Therefore, a stair is a medium for human or people to move or to go through between floors and building.
A stair contains of a zigzag compartment designed for people to step or climb it to their destination. There are also many types of stairs, that is box stairs, open stairs and other stairs. Box stairs may be built using more expensive species of woods where carpet won't hide this better wood. An Open Stair is one that has nice finished mitre returns on the end of the open treads for a classier look. An elevator or lift is a vertical transport vehicle that efficiently moves people or goods between floors of a building. They are generally powered by electric motors that either drive traction cables and counterweight systems, or pump hydraulic fluid to raise a cylindrical piston. In other words, elevators are a complex design that was created by Archimedes probably in 236 B.C. and then it has been developed from time to time becoming the elevator that is in the present times.
The advantages and disadvantages of stairs compared to elevators are the stairs can make a person to be healthy because they have to use their energy to climb it, while the usage of lifts can’t make your body to be healthier. The stairs also have no weight limit, therefore making it to be used by many people without worrying whether it is over the limit or not. But, the elevators, however have weight limit, making only few people can use it for a time. Nevertheless, elevators also have its own advantage that the stairs does not have. The elevators can be used to transport heavy items and materials, while stairs only making the person who is transporting the item to be a burden to himself. Plus, elevators also can help the handicap to go through between floors and buildings to make it easier for them to go upstairs or downstairs.
However, both of elevators and stairs have their similarities. Among the similarities are they are both used by humans to go through floors and buildings. They also can shorten our time to do various works. Imagine if both of these inventions are not exist, we have to climb through floors and might become a dangerous thing to do. Lastly, they are also being used in almost all of the buildings nowadays, making these inventions a very meaningful invention to humankind.
The stairs are one of the oldest buildings in architectural history, they have always played a central role in the history of humanity, although it is difficult to tell exactly in wich year they were born, it is believed his appearance was by the year 6000 before Christ. The stairs seems to change shape with the change of architectural eras, reflecting the trends used in different ages and revealing the talent of those who designed them.The first stairs in the history were wood trunks fitter together, these kind of stairs were used to acquire strategic positions for survival. Stairs nowadays only be used to climb to high places and to shorten the time to pass through floors of buildings. Therefore, a stair is a medium for human or people to move or to go through between floors and building.
A stair contains of a zigzag compartment designed for people to step or climb it to their destination. There are also many types of stairs, that is box stairs, open stairs and other stairs. Box stairs may be built using more expensive species of woods where carpet won't hide this better wood. An Open Stair is one that has nice finished mitre returns on the end of the open treads for a classier look. An elevator or lift is a vertical transport vehicle that efficiently moves people or goods between floors of a building. They are generally powered by electric motors that either drive traction cables and counterweight systems, or pump hydraulic fluid to raise a cylindrical piston. In other words, elevators are a complex design that was created by Archimedes probably in 236 B.C. and then it has been developed from time to time becoming the elevator that is in the present times.
The advantages and disadvantages of stairs compared to elevators are the stairs can make a person to be healthy because they have to use their energy to climb it, while the usage of lifts can’t make your body to be healthier. The stairs also have no weight limit, therefore making it to be used by many people without worrying whether it is over the limit or not. But, the elevators, however have weight limit, making only few people can use it for a time. Nevertheless, elevators also have its own advantage that the stairs does not have. The elevators can be used to transport heavy items and materials, while stairs only making the person who is transporting the item to be a burden to himself. Plus, elevators also can help the handicap to go through between floors and buildings to make it easier for them to go upstairs or downstairs.
However, both of elevators and stairs have their similarities. Among the similarities are they are both used by humans to go through floors and buildings. They also can shorten our time to do various works. Imagine if both of these inventions are not exist, we have to climb through floors and might become a dangerous thing to do. Lastly, they are also being used in almost all of the buildings nowadays, making these inventions a very meaningful invention to humankind.
Tuesday, July 27, 2010
Glasses vs Contact Lenses
byAfham&Haziq
Undeniably, our sight is the most vital among our five senses. Without it we will be a total handicapped, unable to do a lot of things on our own. But what if we still have the ability to see, but it is affected by long or short-sightedness? We have two known surgery-free solution for this, which is wearing the never-out-of-date glasses, or the stylish, trendy contact lenses. Both of them are used for correcting the sight of a person, but what is the difference between both of them? What are the advantages and drawbacks of wearing both of them respectively?
Glasses are a frame that holds lenses worn in front of our eyes. It corrects our sight by converging or diverging the light ray into our eyes. Glasses are worn since the ancient times, though the design and structure had evolved due to our demand on comfort and practicality. But the basic design, lenses and frames, are still the same, due to its reliability. Glasses are easy to wear, hassle-free most of the time, and do not need a specific care. They also came in various styles nowadays, which will make sure you would never be out of date. But the wearer must also bear a few disadvantages, such as they need to remove their spectacle when participating in few rough sports such as taekwondo and rugby, and cost them their vision. They also must face the most annoying part of wearing spectacle, which is to wipe them everytime the lenses get blurred buy the haze that appears when you have hot meals, or getting out from an air-conditioned building.
But there is an alternative for glasses, which does not need to be wiped at all. Contact lenses are small, lightweight, silicon based lens that worn in front of the cornea. Unlike glasses, the lenses are directly attached to the eye, thus giving the user a wider range of vision. Compared to glasses, contact lenses also do not alter how the wearer looks, since few of us say that they do not look good in glasses. The wearer also has more freedom in physical activities and of course blurred lenses would not be an issue. But contact lenses need delicate care, which is quite a fuss for most of us. They need to be kept in solutions if not worn, and sleeping with it will also be a problem. But the most feared of all, is the risk of getting infections through the contact lenses, due to lack of hygiene care, thus leading to cataract. In worst cases, it will also lead to temporary blindness that can only cured by surgery.
It is up to us whether to wear a spectacles or contact lenses, based on our preference. Both of them have their own pros and cons, so choose wisely. But just bear in mind that our sight is precious, so be thankful most of the time and take a good care of your eyes.
Undeniably, our sight is the most vital among our five senses. Without it we will be a total handicapped, unable to do a lot of things on our own. But what if we still have the ability to see, but it is affected by long or short-sightedness? We have two known surgery-free solution for this, which is wearing the never-out-of-date glasses, or the stylish, trendy contact lenses. Both of them are used for correcting the sight of a person, but what is the difference between both of them? What are the advantages and drawbacks of wearing both of them respectively?
Glasses are a frame that holds lenses worn in front of our eyes. It corrects our sight by converging or diverging the light ray into our eyes. Glasses are worn since the ancient times, though the design and structure had evolved due to our demand on comfort and practicality. But the basic design, lenses and frames, are still the same, due to its reliability. Glasses are easy to wear, hassle-free most of the time, and do not need a specific care. They also came in various styles nowadays, which will make sure you would never be out of date. But the wearer must also bear a few disadvantages, such as they need to remove their spectacle when participating in few rough sports such as taekwondo and rugby, and cost them their vision. They also must face the most annoying part of wearing spectacle, which is to wipe them everytime the lenses get blurred buy the haze that appears when you have hot meals, or getting out from an air-conditioned building.
But there is an alternative for glasses, which does not need to be wiped at all. Contact lenses are small, lightweight, silicon based lens that worn in front of the cornea. Unlike glasses, the lenses are directly attached to the eye, thus giving the user a wider range of vision. Compared to glasses, contact lenses also do not alter how the wearer looks, since few of us say that they do not look good in glasses. The wearer also has more freedom in physical activities and of course blurred lenses would not be an issue. But contact lenses need delicate care, which is quite a fuss for most of us. They need to be kept in solutions if not worn, and sleeping with it will also be a problem. But the most feared of all, is the risk of getting infections through the contact lenses, due to lack of hygiene care, thus leading to cataract. In worst cases, it will also lead to temporary blindness that can only cured by surgery.
It is up to us whether to wear a spectacles or contact lenses, based on our preference. Both of them have their own pros and cons, so choose wisely. But just bear in mind that our sight is precious, so be thankful most of the time and take a good care of your eyes.
Sunday, July 18, 2010
Fast Food Invention
Carl’s Junior’s burgers, Mac Donald’s fries, and KFC’s fried chicken, all of these fast delicacies is all consumed by us more and more every day. According to what we saw in the video, a lot of kids nowadays eat fast foods compared to the kids in the life before them. We want to show the differences from before and after the invention of fast foods and their similarities.
Before fast foods were invented, people only eat at home or normal restaurants. They usually only ate foods that are only made by themselves. They also did not use chemical substances to enhance the flavors of their cooking. However, they have to prepare it. For example, a family wants to have a dinner, therefore they have to cook it before they can eat or they have to wait for their foods in the restaurants. They also did not have many varieties if they eat at home because they only have to eat the meals that their wife or their mother’s prepared for them.
Next is the life after the fast foods are invented. People don’t have to go home to eat as they can buy fast food almost everywhere. They also have a lot of varieties of foods to eat because they have a lot of fast food restaurants that they can choose. Plus, they also have many franchise that is opened in many countries, making it easier for them to choose where they want to eat. Besides that, they can get their foods in an instant, hence the term “fast food”. The downside is that fast foods are very unhealthy as they use a variety of flavour enhancers such as Monosodium Glutamate (MSG). This leads to the increase of the rate of obesity, which is a very big problem in many countries.
As the conclusion, despite of the differences, good things also happen after the invention of fast foods. Families still dining out together and enjoy their meals whether at fast foods or in the past restaurants. Fast foods also helps us to save more time to have meals that satisfy our crave. Inventions of drive-through is also saving our precious time if they want to hurry and go to work or doing errands.
Before fast foods were invented, people only eat at home or normal restaurants. They usually only ate foods that are only made by themselves. They also did not use chemical substances to enhance the flavors of their cooking. However, they have to prepare it. For example, a family wants to have a dinner, therefore they have to cook it before they can eat or they have to wait for their foods in the restaurants. They also did not have many varieties if they eat at home because they only have to eat the meals that their wife or their mother’s prepared for them.
Next is the life after the fast foods are invented. People don’t have to go home to eat as they can buy fast food almost everywhere. They also have a lot of varieties of foods to eat because they have a lot of fast food restaurants that they can choose. Plus, they also have many franchise that is opened in many countries, making it easier for them to choose where they want to eat. Besides that, they can get their foods in an instant, hence the term “fast food”. The downside is that fast foods are very unhealthy as they use a variety of flavour enhancers such as Monosodium Glutamate (MSG). This leads to the increase of the rate of obesity, which is a very big problem in many countries.
As the conclusion, despite of the differences, good things also happen after the invention of fast foods. Families still dining out together and enjoy their meals whether at fast foods or in the past restaurants. Fast foods also helps us to save more time to have meals that satisfy our crave. Inventions of drive-through is also saving our precious time if they want to hurry and go to work or doing errands.
Tuesday, July 13, 2010
(NATURE) Earthquakes
Earthquake
In this modern world, there are many natural disasters that occurs rapidly in many countries. But the natural disasters that mostly occurs is the earthquake. Earthquakes are usually caused when rock underground suddenly breaks along a fault. This sudden release of energy causes the seismic waves that make the ground shake. When two blocks of rock or two plates are rubbing against each other, they stick a little. They do not just slide smoothly; the rocks catch on each other. The rocks are still pushing against each other, but not moving. After a while, the rocks break because of all the pressure that is built up. When the rocks break, the earthquake occurs. During the earthquake and afterward, the plates or blocks of rock start moving, and they continue to move until they get stuck again. The spot underground where the rock breaks is called the “focus” of the earthquake. The place right above the focus that is on top of the right is called the “epicenter” of the earthquake.
Earthquake-like seismic waves can also be caused by explosions underground. These explosions may be set off to break rock while making tunnels for roads, railroads, subways, or mines. These explosions, however, don't cause very strong seismic waves. You may not even feel them. Sometimes seismic waves occur when the roof or walls of a mine collapse. These can sometimes be felt by people near the mine. The largest underground explosions, from tests of nuclear warheads, can create seismic waves very much like large earthquakes. This fact has been exploited as a means to enforce the global nuclear test ban, because no nuclear warhead can be detonated on earth without producing such seismic waves.
Upon many of the countries that suffers earthquake damages, there are Japan, Chile, Haiti, and Indonesia. In Haiti lately, many of the survivors have suffered many problems such as famine, diseases such as malaria, and other social problems such as lack of foods, medicines and other basic necessities. Therefore, many of people around the world have donated their effort and money to Haiti survivors. Wyclef Jean and Former Presidents George W. Bush and Bill Clinton are all high-profile individuals that are helping to raise money for the earthquake. In addition, many stars urged their fans to give to the earthquake relief at the Golden Globe awards.
Besides that, earthquake also can cause other natural disaster that is more dangerous that is the tsunami. Tsunamis or tidal waves are massive sudden, unexpected and very large ocean waves. They are caused by a sudden displacement (movement of water). This could be due to an undersea earthquake, an undersea landslide or meteor/asteroid strike. Still, until now there are many earthquakes that happens and it is unstoppable!
In this modern world, there are many natural disasters that occurs rapidly in many countries. But the natural disasters that mostly occurs is the earthquake. Earthquakes are usually caused when rock underground suddenly breaks along a fault. This sudden release of energy causes the seismic waves that make the ground shake. When two blocks of rock or two plates are rubbing against each other, they stick a little. They do not just slide smoothly; the rocks catch on each other. The rocks are still pushing against each other, but not moving. After a while, the rocks break because of all the pressure that is built up. When the rocks break, the earthquake occurs. During the earthquake and afterward, the plates or blocks of rock start moving, and they continue to move until they get stuck again. The spot underground where the rock breaks is called the “focus” of the earthquake. The place right above the focus that is on top of the right is called the “epicenter” of the earthquake.
Earthquake-like seismic waves can also be caused by explosions underground. These explosions may be set off to break rock while making tunnels for roads, railroads, subways, or mines. These explosions, however, don't cause very strong seismic waves. You may not even feel them. Sometimes seismic waves occur when the roof or walls of a mine collapse. These can sometimes be felt by people near the mine. The largest underground explosions, from tests of nuclear warheads, can create seismic waves very much like large earthquakes. This fact has been exploited as a means to enforce the global nuclear test ban, because no nuclear warhead can be detonated on earth without producing such seismic waves.
Upon many of the countries that suffers earthquake damages, there are Japan, Chile, Haiti, and Indonesia. In Haiti lately, many of the survivors have suffered many problems such as famine, diseases such as malaria, and other social problems such as lack of foods, medicines and other basic necessities. Therefore, many of people around the world have donated their effort and money to Haiti survivors. Wyclef Jean and Former Presidents George W. Bush and Bill Clinton are all high-profile individuals that are helping to raise money for the earthquake. In addition, many stars urged their fans to give to the earthquake relief at the Golden Globe awards.
Besides that, earthquake also can cause other natural disaster that is more dangerous that is the tsunami. Tsunamis or tidal waves are massive sudden, unexpected and very large ocean waves. They are caused by a sudden displacement (movement of water). This could be due to an undersea earthquake, an undersea landslide or meteor/asteroid strike. Still, until now there are many earthquakes that happens and it is unstoppable!
Sunday, June 27, 2010
Nature
VOLCANOES
A volcano is generally a conical-shaped hill or mountain built by accumulations of lava flows, tephra, and volcanic ash. About 95% of active volcanoes occur at the plate subduction zones and at the mid-oceanic ridges (Figure 1). The other 5% occur in areas associated with lithospheric hot spots. These hot spots have no direct relationships with areas of crustal creation or subduction zones. It is believed that hot spots are caused by plumes of rising magma that have their origin within the asthenosphere.
Figure 2: Location of major volcanic deposits laid down during the last 2 million years. (Source: PhysicalGeography.net)
Over the last 2 million years, volcanoes have been depositing lava, tephra, and ash in particular areas of the globe (Figure 2). These areas occur at hot spots, rift zones, and along plate boundaries where tectonic subduction is taking place.
Not all volcanoes are the same. Geologists have classified five different types of volcanoes. This classification is based on the geomorphic form, magma chemistry, and the explosiveness of the eruption.
The least explosive type of volcano is called a basalt plateau. These volcanoes produce a very fluid basaltic magma with horizontal flows. The form of these volcanoes is flat to gently sloping and they can occupy an area from 100,000 to 1,000,000 square kilometers. Deposits of these volcanoes can be as thick as 1,800 meters. Large basalt plateaus are found in the Columbia River Plateau, western India, northern Australia, Iceland, Brazil, Argentina, and Antarctica.
Figure 3: Low viscosity basaltic lava flow. (Source: US Geological Survey)
Some basaltic magmas can produce very large slightly sloping volcanoes, 6 to 12°, that have gently flowing magmas called shield volcanoes. Shield volcanoes can be up to 9,000 meters tall. The volcanoes of the Hawaiian Islands are typical of this type. Extruded materials from this type of volcano mainly consist of low-viscosity basaltic lava flows (Figure 3).
Figure 4: Cinder cone volcano in the Mojave National Preserve, California. (Source: US Geological Survey)
A cinder cone is a small volcano, between 100 and 400 meters tall, made up of exploded rock blasted out of a central vent at a high velocity (Figure 4). These volcanoes develop from magma of basaltic to intermediate composition (andesite). They form when large amounts of gas accumulate within rising magma. Examples of cinder cones include Little Lake Volcano in California and Paricutin Volcano in Mexico.
Composite volcanoes are made from alternate layers of lava flows and exploded rock. Their height ranges from 100 to 3,500 meters tall. The chemistry of the magma of these volcanoes is quite variable ranging from basalt to granite. Magmas that are more granitic tend to be very explosive because of their relatively higher water content. Water at high temperatures and pressures is extremely volatile. Examples of composite volcanoes include Italy's Vesuvius, Japan's Mount Fuji, and Washington State's Mount Rainier and Mount St. Helens (Figures 5).
Figure 5: Mount St. Helens eruption on May 18, 1980. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey, photograph by Austin Post).
The most explosive type of volcano is the caldera. The cataclysmic explosion of these volcanoes leaves a huge circular depression at the Earth's surface. This depression is usually less than 40 kilometers in diameter. These volcanoes form when "wet" granitic magma quickly rises to the surface of the Earth. When it gets to within a few kilometers of the surface the top of the magma cools to form a dome. Beneath this dome the gaseous water in the magma creates extreme pressures because of expansion. When the pressure becomes too great the dome and magma are sent into the Earth's atmosphere in a tremendous explosion. On the island of Krakatau, a caldera-type volcano exploded in 1883 ejecting 75 cubic kilometers of material in the air and left a depression in the ground some 7 kilometers in diameter.
Figure 6: Map of the location of the Yellowstone caldera. Several large earthquakes have occurred in the last century in the vicinity of the caldera indicating that significant volcanic activity is occurring beneath the ground surface. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey - Yellowstone Volcano Observatory).
A potentially very destructive caldera covering an area of about 2,000 square kilometers exists under Yellowstone National Park in the United States (Figure 6). Investigations have discovered that over the last 2 million years this volcano has exploded on a regular interval of about 700,000 years. The last eruption occurred 630,000 years ago and the next could take place anytime. When the Yellowstone caldera last erupted, it blasted 1,000 cubic kilometers of volcanic ash and rock into the atmosphere. The ash ejected into the atmosphere created climatic havoc on a global scale. The ash would have blocked sunlight from being received at the ground surface for a few years. A reduction in the reception of solar radiation would have caused the globle climate to cool significantly. Over time this ash settled back to the Earth's surface covering more than half of North America
A volcano is generally a conical-shaped hill or mountain built by accumulations of lava flows, tephra, and volcanic ash. About 95% of active volcanoes occur at the plate subduction zones and at the mid-oceanic ridges (Figure 1). The other 5% occur in areas associated with lithospheric hot spots. These hot spots have no direct relationships with areas of crustal creation or subduction zones. It is believed that hot spots are caused by plumes of rising magma that have their origin within the asthenosphere.
Figure 2: Location of major volcanic deposits laid down during the last 2 million years. (Source: PhysicalGeography.net)
Over the last 2 million years, volcanoes have been depositing lava, tephra, and ash in particular areas of the globe (Figure 2). These areas occur at hot spots, rift zones, and along plate boundaries where tectonic subduction is taking place.
Not all volcanoes are the same. Geologists have classified five different types of volcanoes. This classification is based on the geomorphic form, magma chemistry, and the explosiveness of the eruption.
The least explosive type of volcano is called a basalt plateau. These volcanoes produce a very fluid basaltic magma with horizontal flows. The form of these volcanoes is flat to gently sloping and they can occupy an area from 100,000 to 1,000,000 square kilometers. Deposits of these volcanoes can be as thick as 1,800 meters. Large basalt plateaus are found in the Columbia River Plateau, western India, northern Australia, Iceland, Brazil, Argentina, and Antarctica.
Figure 3: Low viscosity basaltic lava flow. (Source: US Geological Survey)
Some basaltic magmas can produce very large slightly sloping volcanoes, 6 to 12°, that have gently flowing magmas called shield volcanoes. Shield volcanoes can be up to 9,000 meters tall. The volcanoes of the Hawaiian Islands are typical of this type. Extruded materials from this type of volcano mainly consist of low-viscosity basaltic lava flows (Figure 3).
Figure 4: Cinder cone volcano in the Mojave National Preserve, California. (Source: US Geological Survey)
A cinder cone is a small volcano, between 100 and 400 meters tall, made up of exploded rock blasted out of a central vent at a high velocity (Figure 4). These volcanoes develop from magma of basaltic to intermediate composition (andesite). They form when large amounts of gas accumulate within rising magma. Examples of cinder cones include Little Lake Volcano in California and Paricutin Volcano in Mexico.
Composite volcanoes are made from alternate layers of lava flows and exploded rock. Their height ranges from 100 to 3,500 meters tall. The chemistry of the magma of these volcanoes is quite variable ranging from basalt to granite. Magmas that are more granitic tend to be very explosive because of their relatively higher water content. Water at high temperatures and pressures is extremely volatile. Examples of composite volcanoes include Italy's Vesuvius, Japan's Mount Fuji, and Washington State's Mount Rainier and Mount St. Helens (Figures 5).
Figure 5: Mount St. Helens eruption on May 18, 1980. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey, photograph by Austin Post).
The most explosive type of volcano is the caldera. The cataclysmic explosion of these volcanoes leaves a huge circular depression at the Earth's surface. This depression is usually less than 40 kilometers in diameter. These volcanoes form when "wet" granitic magma quickly rises to the surface of the Earth. When it gets to within a few kilometers of the surface the top of the magma cools to form a dome. Beneath this dome the gaseous water in the magma creates extreme pressures because of expansion. When the pressure becomes too great the dome and magma are sent into the Earth's atmosphere in a tremendous explosion. On the island of Krakatau, a caldera-type volcano exploded in 1883 ejecting 75 cubic kilometers of material in the air and left a depression in the ground some 7 kilometers in diameter.
Figure 6: Map of the location of the Yellowstone caldera. Several large earthquakes have occurred in the last century in the vicinity of the caldera indicating that significant volcanic activity is occurring beneath the ground surface. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey - Yellowstone Volcano Observatory).
A potentially very destructive caldera covering an area of about 2,000 square kilometers exists under Yellowstone National Park in the United States (Figure 6). Investigations have discovered that over the last 2 million years this volcano has exploded on a regular interval of about 700,000 years. The last eruption occurred 630,000 years ago and the next could take place anytime. When the Yellowstone caldera last erupted, it blasted 1,000 cubic kilometers of volcanic ash and rock into the atmosphere. The ash ejected into the atmosphere created climatic havoc on a global scale. The ash would have blocked sunlight from being received at the ground surface for a few years. A reduction in the reception of solar radiation would have caused the globle climate to cool significantly. Over time this ash settled back to the Earth's surface covering more than half of North America
Tuesday, June 22, 2010
Our First Essay Ever Together
Task 1
The graph shows the percentage terms of the variations of domestic access to modern technology in homes in the United Kingdom.
According to the graph,it indicated that the growth of CD players is rising steadily throughout the year from 1996/97 until 2002/03,while home computers are also rising gradually. The CD player had the biggest percentage among all of the other modern technologies,with 60 percent at 1996/97 and about 82 percent at 2002/03. The reason that they are both rising gradually is because there are no advanced technologies such as laptops and thumb drives that can be used outside their home and even in restaurants and stalls.
Whereas since the internet access only started at 1998/99,it showed the least percentage among them all with around 10 percent but rising smoothly because internet access has a lot of advantage and privilege in terms of searching for information and connecting with other faces of the world. Plus,using internet are easier than posting mails to other people or even call them. The fact that internet access count was taken a year after everything else was counted shows that before that time,not many people had the privilege of using it.
The last one is the mobile phones which have the most interesting trend among the other three modern technologies. The mobile phones flunctuated wildly but in an upward trend. The graph also shows that the usage of mobile phone has the highest increase of percentage between the others and it is a fact that it has grown to the extent that the two technologies have merged,that is the mobile phone and internet access because a mobile phone can also be used to access the internet.
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